Testing device for internal-combustion engines



T. o. LILEs Aug. 2, 1927-'.

TESTING DEVICE FOR .[NTERNAL- COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed June 2s, y1927 2sheets-sheen m5371867 Aug 2 "1927' T. o. .LlLEs' TESTINQDE'VICE FORINTERNAL COMBUSTIQN ENGINES Filed une z5, 1927 2 snets-seezz PatentedAug. 2, 1927.

1,637,867 g ,miren STATE-1s enrmrorriice.;

THoM-As o. LILES, oF TYLR, TEXAs,AssIGNoR, 'Y IREoT AND M EsN-E'ASSIGN-MENTS, 0F THREE-EISGHTHS To DUKE CQMATTHWSAND FOUR-EIGHTHS To BRODIE H.ASHBY, BOTH oF DALLAS, TEXAS TESTING im'vioii iioiiiiiifRNrJ-coiiisp'sroiv' iiiie'iims.

a device for conneebion with .the cylinden the cylinder, whereby theHeise power my'- be* ciet'er'ln'i-ed also? whereby tbe ba'ckiA pressurecreated in Ehe" cylinder' dering beV exliiusr sri-@ke or the pieton maybe re corded iid ciiair'ied ii further @been Orf the iiiveiitiii. isL rof provide device fof cpiiiiepedn wie-i the cylinder' oix an inernilcombustion engine' equipped iviii es r recording eind? charting tirecompression Within' sid cylinder.

A particrlzi objectf' the invenion is to provide' ai device forconnection with che Cylinder 0f internal combustion engine eqipped witlm'ealns for vifsiblfindic-tfirrg" and charting che cycles'f and;indiVid-'ialy strokes` of the piston i s'id cylinder, Where;4 byirregulr'i-tile's 1n the firing', lrnpr'op'e inno'rtn object of theinvention is to provide si device for testing iritefirel wirr'- bustionengines arrilged to be opertdsolely by pressure find' being free fromcoin"- press'ion or expansion springs rind'- f-be' like'.

Ai construction designed to clrry out tbe invention' Wi'lil beberei-nfi'er' described, to'-v gethei" with otber fturs of heinnen-fion".

The inven'ion' Wil'l be' nore readily' under` stood 'from a reading ofthe foiiowi'g specification sind by'referiice to the' acnpari7-ninvention is shown :ind wherein:

Fig. i is' i. viewer fegtiiigeevie @en on n'li' linee-14 if Fig.- 1,-

sedi-ideal. view taken on the lili-1e' 7dr of' Fig. 1',- ajnd lookingin' the4 direction' of the"V arrows;

in@ the air iefeisiiiiif val-ive r n a front or' cover" ple 1Q' hingedvther'eoinf abve nie 1561x0111'.

Wieiiii the iieiiieisnipfuiiied vermeil joiiriieled in the' bridge ndtop or the frime materiali which will be hereirrfer describeddfe'tai'lf, is Wound into af roll abou# the* relier M. y Thisr sfirip isfed: from die roi'ler a'rid pas'se'd betwifeeriy `the back pleite 1`land a vlzir' 'of Verticalfgiiidefrods 17 spaced,

ripari suieintly' for' the eepiien of e.

bridge' a'nd to of' the frame. These ro'1`1jers; muy have rubber'jackets- Oi sii'imbly'in Y]o1"o\'fi'de` d one vside, of the freine andthe strip' 16 afffer' passing". bet'Wee'ii s ad rollers is projectedthou'g'b liis' slot. Means which i will 'be hereinzifer described is?.provided for intermittently retiring the relier 19, whereby a' se'p' bystep iiravel'ivill be iinpsrrtedV to andpress'u're roller forhol'dirg'thes'trip 1n f 23 screwed onto its lower end. The cap 23 has a reducedscrew-threaded nipple `24 for screwing into the spark plug opening 25 ofthe engine cylinder 26. The cap 23 has a central bore 27 forestablishing a `liuid passage from the cylinder 26 to the compressioncylinder 21. lt is' iinportant that the cylinder 21 has an accurate boreso that a piston 2S may have a snug sliding fit therein.

The piston is provided with a plurality of iiiigs 29 and inust be inadeso that aincont` pressed above the piston in the said cylinder can notescape downwardly aroundsaidpiston.

`A piston rod 30 `extends upwardly from the piston through the cap andalso `through astufting-box 31. Thestuliing-box extends through anopening 32 in the bottoni of the frame and receives a `washer 33 and anut 34 whereby the frame is securely mounted on the cap 22, as is shown-in Fig. 1.V A com- `be moved upwardly and the cross-head 37.,

also carried upwardly on the rods 39. Upon the down stroke of the piston(notshown) in the engine cylinder `26` either' the stored coinpressionorthe suction created and acting through the bore 27 will nieve the piston28 downwardly,thus returning the parts to the starting point. A cushiondiskfl() of rubber oijother suitable material is placed under the piston28 to cushion its down stroke.

As before pointed out, all parts of the device inust work accuratelyand, therefore. an air release for `the cylinder 21 above the piston 28inust be provided, and for this pur-` pose any suitable inea'ns ina-y beused. I haveshowii an L-sliaped duct 41 in the cap 22 counteiboi'edtoreceivea` spring pressed valve 42 seating against a sleeve 45 screwedinto the outer end Vof the duct, as is best shown iii Fig. 8. Upon theupper stroke of the piston 28the valve 42 will seat, butupon a downstroke of said piston the valve `will open, thus admitting air andfreeing the piston from a ietaiding influence. w i

On the upper end of` the rod 3()` I seeurel the barrel 44 of a inarkerbymeans of a nut 45. Asleeve 4G is secured into the barrel.,y

inder liring` it is screwed into a "lcoiinecand has its outer endtapered.A As is shown in Fig. a plunger 47 is mounted to slide, in saidsleeve and is urgedtoward the rev,

duced end by a'coiled spring 48. A piece of marking lead 49wedgedintothe plunger projects through the reduced end of the sleeve so as toengagetlie surface of the strip 16 between the rods 17,` as fis shown inF ig. 5. lt is obvious that as the cross-head 37 is moved up and downAduring the i'eciprocatioiis of the" piston 28, tlie lead 49 will niark aline on the strip, as is indica-ted .iii Fig. (i. This line will extendup and down the chart indicating the peak of each stroke.

While l have shown a marking lead inthe structureillustrated in Fig. 3,it is to be understood that any suitable marking, tracing, or recordingmedium `niay `be attached to the crosshead- Numerous devices could beworked outfor` imparting rotation to the roller` 19 to propel the ppaper strip 16. Satisfactory results have been had with the mechanismillustrat ed in detailin Figs. 7 and 9. `This mechanism includes atubular sleeveiOjournaled i at its ends. in collars 51 carried bythebridge 1B andthe top` of the frame. This sleeve is provided with ahelical slot 52 and the cross-head 37 li .s ay detent 53 extending intothe said slot and provided with aroller 54 for engaging the edges ofsaid slot and reducing friction. It will be seen that as the cross-head.isi i'eeiprocated vertically, the sleeve 50 will be lgiven reverserotations.

Thesleeve 501hasan axial stud 55 de- `pending through the bridge 13 andan arni 56 (Figs. 4 and 7) is fastened on said stud so to be swungwlienthe sleeve is rotated. The roll-erqll)` has a stud' 5T depending throughthe bridgeand a circular disk or rotor ,58 is fastened on said stud sovas to rotate the roller 19'wlien actuated. An actuating lever 59 ispivotally confined on the i stud157` by a nut GO and is provided at itsouter end gwitli a slot 61 receiviiiga pin 62 .carried vby the arm 5G. yA flat spring detent 63 mounted on the {lever has `its outer endengaging the periph-` ery of the disk 58 at one side of the longitudinalaxis of the lever so that` as is indi cated in Fig. 7, the disk will berotated when the lever is swung .in one direction, but will not berotated when the lever is swung in the opposite `diiectioinbecause of aretaining spring' 64 engaging tlie periphery of said i disk. As is shownin F 7, and as Ais indin catedin Fig'. 4, the rotation of the roller1.()V (Fig. 5) is .carried out upon the down stroke of the cross-head 37during which the lever 59 inoves from the position shown in dot-tedlines in Fig. 7 ,to` the position shown in full linesiii said figure,`Upon the up stroke of the cross-head the levei' 59 isswung back `forfui-ther operation.

VVlierethe device operated with the cyltion `65 which in turn is screwedintovthe spark plug openingr 25 Vof the cylinder 25,`

asis shown` in Fig. H11.. i The usual Aspark plug 66 is screwed `into Athe` T-connection also. ln operating the device on ai Li-lcycle engine'.theppiston 28 would be `forced upwardly in the cylinder 21 during thecome",-

Vthe cyinder 2 1 eaaaled the conipression in the cyl icer 36 and thiswonld'limit the upward compression stroke o the -1narker. Ho fever; upont ie explosion of the charge, the piston 28 and the marker would be foced still further upwardly. y

ln Fig. 6 I have shown the str-'ip 16 calibrated with longitudinallines, each diagraminatically indicating measurements of pressure. Ehemarl: traced by the lead t9 entends from' the lowest .line on the chartto the line 60 where the peak Ar indicates the top of the conipressionand explosion stroke. The in '3k' traced duringI the conipi'essionstroke would not reach the peak A until the explosion had tak-cn place.lThe piston 28 would he dra-wn downwind lduring the power stroke whilethe pistonfin the engine cylinder' is traveling dmvnward. This wouldtrace the mark to'` the bottom-ot the chart.

vUpon the next upward stroke ot' the pliston in lthe cylinder Q25, theexhaust valve would be open for `the purposeo'l carrying oila theexhaust gases. In a great many en'- `gines the exhaust valve isnot largeenough to carry otl all ot the spent gases and, therefore, a certainam'orrnt' ot back pressure is built up inthe eleva-ted in thc cylinder2l. lIt is common l'cr such back pressure to register several] pounds, tto the i B at the line l0, shown in 6. The inarl: would then be ltracedto the bottom of the chart on the intake stroke oi11 the engine piston.The n'eitm'ovement of the pistonE would be the compression and eX-plosion stroke and if the motor or engine was losing compression, eitherthrough thepis' ton rings or through the valves, or otherwise,y and thecompression was'bclow Inorinal. the mark worrld be traced to the peak-C, and in sach case the baclrpressure peak D would probably not be ashigh'as the peak B.

This operation 'would be rapidly diri in' the rainning of the vmotorions in the pressures in tliecylinder wonlcl thus bc indicated on thechart. The chart would enable amechanic'to ascertain jus@L what thetrouble with'thje motor happened to be Jand he would.y therefore; berelieved of the obligation yof guessing.` Many repeated faultyconditions' could be ascertainedn'fhich would otherwise reduire the"rengine to@ be f The piston 28 would be movedengine cylin der by compression. In auch' case the pistoni' would bey citore. the niark would betraced" 'fluid 'pressure fromv the engine cylinder.

and ythe Y gine c vlindeigand indicating taken down. Irregularitiesinring would show rrp oni rthe chart because the `mark would not betraced to as high a peak, it' the motor failed' to' re, as it it did.Ifit was desired totest the' engine merely for compresson, the ignitionWire (not shown) could be disconnected from the 65 or the nipple 24'could he screwed into the sparkpplug opening 25, as is shown in Fig;

l. Then upon turning theengine over byK4 trouble,this could be correctedand ittest-` did 4not show a normal' compression, then the wais with therings or some other cause. o

Only aI few reciprocal marks l'i'ave been shown on the chart but it. isto be understood that'the test nia-y be contin'aed through a period ofsu'l'cient length to produce a ohio reafdifniig ot the cycles oftheengine. as it is i Tl'ielchai-t is merely diagrammatic-'al not; pos-lle'to show scale ili:i\vingT Various chan s ,in the s'zeandshlape ofthe different pa1.s,as well as modi c and alterations,A m'av be' madewithin the scope of the appended claims.

What claifm, is:A l. `In a'testng device for internal combustionengines,y a compression cj indfer for connection at one end tothecylinder oit` anintjernal yconabu'stifoi'i engine for admitting meanscooperating with the compressioncylinder for compressing a Huid mediumat the endI thereof opposite the eng"re connection', -and meanscontrolled' by the aforesaid' means for indicarting pressure variationsin 'the engine cylinder,

"2. In a testing device for internal combustion engines.; a compressioncontainer for connection at one end tothe cylinder of an isnternalcombt'istion engine for admitting fluit under pressure' from the enginecylinder, means in the container actuated by the admitted pressuretl'nfid for building up com pression in the container at the end'thereof opposite the engine connection equal in pres sure to thecompression huit up in the en- V means having an actuator connected withthe container and controlled by the compression therein for i-ndicatingthe amount of compression built up in the engine cylinder.

sparkv plug y mechanic would knew that the trouble ationsk connection atone end to the cylinder of an internal combustion engine for admittingfluid under pressure from the. engine cylinder, means in the containeractuated by the admitted pressure fluid for building up compression inthe container at the end thereof opposite the engineconnection equal inpressure4 to the compression built up in the engine cylinder, andindicating means having an actuator connected with the container`Vinder, means in the container actuated by the admitted pressure fluidfor building up Y compression in the container at the end thereofopposite the engine connection equal in pressure to the compressionbuilt up in the engine cylinder, and indicating means conuected With andactuated by the compression building means of the container.

5. In a testing device for internal com bustion engines, a compressioncontainer for connection at one end to the cylinder of an internalcombustion engine for admitting fluid under pressure from the enginecylinder, means in the container actuated by the admitted pressure fluidfor building up compression in the'container at the end thereof oppositethe engine connection equal in pressure to the compression built up inthe engine cylinder, recording means inciudi'ng a marker connected withand actuated by the compression building means of the container, arecording medium traversed by said marker calibrated to indicatepressure vali ues` and means for propelling the recording medium.

6. Iii a testing device for internal coinbustion engines, a compressioncylinder having means at one end for connection to the 9 cylinder of aninternal combustion engine and at its opposite end closed against in#teinal pressure, a piston in the compression cylinder actuated by thepressure fiuid ad mitted from the engine cylinder. and recording meansactuated by the piston and controlled by the compression in the cylin*der to compress a fluidV medium at the closed end of the compressioncylinder forrecording' the pressures in the engine cylii'idcr during thesuccessive cycles of the piston thereof. i 1

7'. In a testing device for internal coin.- bustion engines, acompression 1 cylinder having means at one end for connection to thecylinder of an internal combustion engine, `a piston in the compression'cyl-` inder actuated by the pressurefluid nee-7,8671

admitted from` the engine `cylin` clerre` cording means actuated by thepiston and cont-rolled by the compression inthe cyl- 4inder forrecording the pressures Ain Vthe engine cylinder during the successivecycles of the `piston thereof, and means for relieving air suction inthe compression cyl inder upon the baclr stroke of the piston thereof. y

, 8. In a testing device for internal combustion engines, a compressioncylinder having means at one end for connect-ionto the cylinder ojfaninternal combustion engine and at its opposite end closed againstinternal pressure, a piston in the compression cylinder actuated by thepressure fluid admitted from the engine cylinder, a piston rod eX-tending from the piston through the op posite end of the cylinder tocompress a fluid medium at the closed end of the compression cylinder, arecording medium supported adjacent the piston rod, and a markeractuated by the piston rod and traversing th'e recording medium. y

9. In a testing device for internal combustion engines, a compressioncylinder having means at one end for connection to the cylinder of aninternal combustion engine, a pistoniin the compression cylinderactuated by the pressure fluid admitted from the engine cylinder, .apiston rod extending vfrom the pist-on through the opposite end ofthevcylinder, a recording medium supported` adjacent the piston rod, amarker actuated by the piston rod and traversing the recording medium,and means operated by the piston rod forpropelling the record-` ingvmedium to imove it progressively as the `marker is reciprocated by thepiston rod.

10. In a testing device for internal conibustionengines, a compressioncylinder hav ing means at one end for connection to the cylinder of aninternal combustion engine.l a piston in the compressioncylinderactuated by the pressure fluid admitted from `the engine cylinder, apiston rod extending from the piston through the opposite end of thecylinder,` a reciprocating member, attacliedto the piston rocha supportin which said member isfmounted, a marker carried by the said member, ai recording strip mounted on the supportand engaged by the marker, andmeans actuated by the recipro eating member for propelling the recordingstrip,` i i Y 11. In a testing device for `internal com bustion engines,a compression cylinder hav ings `means at one end for connect-ion to thecylinder of an internal combustion engine,-

a piston inthe compression cylinder actu- Y ated by the pressure fluidadmitted from the engine cylinder, a piston rod extending from thepiston through the opposite end of the cylinder, a reciprocating memberattached to the piston rod,`a support in which said Til lio.

member is mounted, a marker carried by the said member, a recordingstrip mounted on the support and engaged by the marker, a propellingroller engaging' j lsaid strip for propelling it, an actuator operatedby the reciprocating member, and means operated by the actuator forrotating the roller.

l2. In a testing device for internal combustion engines, a container forconnection at one end to the cylinder of an internal combustion enginefor admitting kiuid under pressure from the engine cylinder, means inthe container actuated by the admit-ted pressure tluidy for ,building upcompression in the container at its end opposite the engine connectionequal in pressure to the compression built up in the engine cylinder andfur ther actuated by the explosion of the compressed charge in theengine cylinder to build up :further compression in the container, andindicating means having an actuator connected with the container andcontrolled by the built-up compression therein for indicating the fullforce of the explosion y i sure fluid for building up compression inv`the container at-its end opposite the engine connection equal inpressure tothe compression built up in the engine cylinder and tur-Ather actuated by thevexplosion of the com pressed charge in the enginecylinder to build up further compression inthe container, an actuatorconnected with andactw ated by the said means in ythe container, and anindicator operated by said actuator for indicating the variations inlpressure during the compression, explosion, and exhaust cycles of theengine.

In testimony whereof I ax my signature,l

THOMAS O. LILES.

